When seeing a doctor, it is important for the one who does not bed wet to accompany their partner to hospital to find out exactly what is wrong and how to deal with it in the long-term.
Bedwetting is considered a child’s problem and generally
speaking, even children above the age of seven years are considered too
old to wet the bed.
However, adult bedwetting is a
relatively common problem much as it is not talked about openly. In most
cases, it is a treatable condition but often people are too embarrassed
to seek medical advice.
What could be wrong?
Primary incontinence
Most children stop bed wetting between 4-7years. Some people, however, carry on bed wetting into adulthood.
This
is a particularly difficult form of bed wetting to deal with as most
people have tried the usual conventional ways to stop without success.
Research has shown that it may be hereditary.
Bladder irritability
The
muscle of the bladder usually allows for it to fill up before it sends
signals to the brain telling you that you need to pee. In some cases,
the bladder muscle may be overactive and cause you to pee in an erratic
manner.
This over-activity is usually worsened by substances such as caffeine and alcohol.
Bladder cancer
Cancer
can block parts of the bladder (specifically the area which control
opening of the bladder). This leads to inability to control urination
patterns. In addition, sometimes the treatment for these cancers can
cause incontinence as a side-effect.
Diabetes
Diabetes
has been known to cause increased urination both during the day and at
night. Usually, the volumes of urine passed tend to be quite large which
can lead to the occasional ‘night time accident’. Diabetes can also
affect the nerves which control the bladder causing unusual urination
patterns.
Medication side-effect
Certain
medication can cause you to urinate more frequently (these medicines
are known as diuretics). This is true for medication used to treat high
blood pressure and kidney disease. It is, therefore, not unusual for
people who start using diuretics to have difficulty controlling their
bathroom habits during the first few weeks of therapy.
(This
increased urination is the reason why most people fail to comply with
their treatment. To help deal with the problem of urinating too often at
night, take the tablet first thing in the morning if you are on a once
daily dosage). People taking sleeping tablets may also find that they
are unable to wake up at night even when their bladder is full.
Neurological disorders
Conditions
that affect the nervous system such as Parkinson’s, spinal cord injury
and stroke can cause difficulty in controlling one’s bladder.
Prostate problems
Any
condition that causes enlargement or change in the structure of the
prostate can make urination a problem. Most men with prostate problems
notice that they cannot pass urine with the same ease that they did when
they were younger and it is not unusual for urine to dribble out at
night when least expected.
Urinary tract infection
Infections
of the bladder can cause it to be irritated resulting in painful
urination. In addition, it makes one urinate more frequently and
sometimes one can get incontinent (and wet the bed).
Urinary tract stones
Stones
in the urinary system can sometimes cause blockage in the usual flow of
urine. This causes urine to pass out unexpectedly. Usually, this clears
when the stone is passed out of the body.
Anxiety and stress
This is more common among teenagers who begin to bed wet after years of control.
It
usually happens when they are faced with tough problems which they
cannot deal with, for example bullying or violence at home. It may be
associated with night terrors (vivid nightmares).
After childbirth
Women
who have a particularly difficult labour may develop incontinence after
childbirth. If there is no damage to the bladder, the next culprit is
the weakness of the pelvic floor muscles. These can be strengthened over
time with exercises such as kegels.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
This
is a condition in which one experiences difficulty breathing while
asleep. Most of these people snore and may even stop breathing
temporarily.
This is a serious condition which can
happen in people whose airways (behind the nose and throat) are either
too floppy or have a blockage.
Apart from the poor quality of sleep these people have, they sometimes also find themselves wetting the bed.
When to see a doctor
Anyone
who begins to wet the bed as an adult must seek medical advice. When
you go to see the doctor, expect that he/she will do a thorough physical
examination (including your genitals and prostate).
They will also ask very detailed and personal questions regarding your physical and mental wellbeing.
They
may order various tests including urine tests to check for infections,
bladder studies (where various imaging tests are done when your bladder
is full and while you are peeing) and if necessary, some neurological
tests may be done.
Treatment
Although
supportive treatment such as setting an alarm to wake you up at night
to pee or minimising your fluid intake at night is useful, treatment of
adult bed wetting must always be directed at the underlying cause.
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